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Stephen Sinclair
2013-09-29 23:41:15 +02:00
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7
INSTALL
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ can be used in a variety of ways, depending on your particular needs. Some people just choose the classes they need for a particular project and copy those to their project directory. Others like to compile and link to a library of object files. STK was not designed with one particular style of use in mind.
@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@ Several options can be passed to configure, including:
--disable-realtime = only compile generic non-realtime classes
--enable-debug = enable various debug output
--with-alsa = choose native ALSA API support (default, linux only)
--with-jack = choose native JACK server API support (linux only)
--with-oss = choose native OSS API support (linux only)
--with-jack = choose native JACK server API support (linux and macintosh OS-X)
--with-core = choose OS-X Core Audio API (macintosh OS-X only)
It is now possible to specify more than one Linux audio API. Note however that the ALSA library is required in order to compile the RtMidi class, even if the "--with-oss" option is provided (only the OSS audio API will be used, not the OSS MIDI API). Typing "./configure --help" will display all the available options. In addition, it is possible to specify the RAWWAVES and INCLUDE paths to configure as (ex. to set to /home/gary/rawwaves and /home/gary/include):
It is now possible to specify more than one audio API where supported. Note however that the ALSA library is required in order to compile the RtMidi class, even if the "--with-oss" option is provided (only the OSS audio API will be used, not the OSS MIDI API). Typing "./configure --help" will display all the available options. In addition, it is possible to specify the RAWWAVES and INCLUDE paths to configure as (ex. to set to /home/gary/rawwaves and /home/gary/include):
./configure RAWWAVE_PATH='$(HOME)/rawwaves/'
./configure INCLUDE_PATH='$(HOME)/include/'

159
README
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
This distribution of the Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK) contains the following:
@@ -17,61 +17,180 @@ For compiling and installing STK, see the INSTALL file in this directory.
OVERVIEW:
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK) is a set of open source audio signal processing and algorithmic synthesis classes written in the C++ programming language. STK was designed to facilitate rapid development of music synthesis and audio processing software, with an emphasis on cross-platform functionality, realtime control, ease of use, and educational example code. The Synthesis ToolKit is extremely portable (it's mostly platform-independent C and C++ code), and it's completely user-extensible (all source included, no unusual libraries, and no hidden drivers). We like to think that this increases the chances that our programs will still work in another 5-10 years. In fact, the ToolKit has been working continuously for nearly 10 years now. STK currently runs with "realtime" support (audio and MIDI) on SGI (Irix), Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms. Generic, non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and other platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK) is a set of open source audio
signal processing and algorithmic synthesis classes written in the C++
programming language. STK was designed to facilitate rapid
development of music synthesis and audio processing software, with an
emphasis on cross-platform functionality, realtime control, ease of
use, and educational example code. The Synthesis ToolKit is extremely
portable (it's mostly platform-independent C and C++ code), and it's
completely user-extensible (all source included, no unusual libraries,
and no hidden drivers). We like to think that this increases the
chances that our programs will still work in another 5-10 years. In
fact, the ToolKit has been working continuously for nearly 10 years
now. STK currently runs with "realtime" support (audio and MIDI) on
Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms. Generic,
non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and other
platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
The Synthesis ToolKit is free for non-commercial use. The only parts of the Synthesis ToolKit that are platform-dependent concern real-time audio and MIDI input and output, and that is taken care of with a few special classes. The interface for MIDI input and the simple Tcl/Tk graphical user interfaces (GUIs) provided is the same, so it's easy to experiment in real time using either the GUIs or MIDI. The Synthesis ToolKit can generate simultaneous SND (AU), WAV, AIFF, and MAT-file output soundfile formats (as well as realtime sound output), so you can view your results using one of a large variety of sound/signal analysis tools already available (e.g. Snd, Cool Edit, Matlab).
The Synthesis ToolKit is free for non-commercial use. The only parts
of the Synthesis ToolKit that are platform-dependent concern real-time
audio and MIDI input and output, and that is taken care of with a few
special classes. The interface for MIDI input and the simple Tcl/Tk
graphical user interfaces (GUIs) provided is the same, so it's easy to
experiment in real time using either the GUIs or MIDI. The Synthesis
ToolKit can generate simultaneous SND (AU), WAV, AIFF, and MAT-file
output soundfile formats (as well as realtime sound output), so you
can view your results using one of a large variety of sound/signal
analysis tools already available (e.g. Snd, Cool Edit, Matlab).
The Synthesis Toolkit is not one particular program. Rather, it is a set of C++ classes that you can use to create your own programs. A few example applications are provided to demonstrate some of the ways to use the classes. If you have specific needs, you will probably have to either modify the example programs or write a new program altogether. Further, the example programs don't have a fancy GUI wrapper. If you feel the need to have a "drag and drop" graphical patching GUI, you probably don't want to use the ToolKit. Spending hundreds of hours making platform-dependent graphics code would go against one of the fundamental design goals of the ToolKit - platform independence.
The Synthesis Toolkit is not one particular program. Rather, it is a
set of C++ classes that you can use to create your own programs. A
few example applications are provided to demonstrate some of the ways
to use the classes. If you have specific needs, you will probably
have to either modify the example programs or write a new program
altogether. Further, the example programs don't have a fancy GUI
wrapper. If you feel the need to have a "drag and drop" graphical
patching GUI, you probably don't want to use the ToolKit. Spending
hundreds of hours making platform-dependent graphics code would go
against one of the fundamental design goals of the ToolKit - platform
independence.
For those instances where a simple GUI with sliders and buttons is helpful, we use Tcl/Tk (http://dev.scriptics.com) which is freely distributed for all the supported ToolKit platforms. A number of Tcl/Tk GUI scripts are distributed with the ToolKit release. For control, the Synthesis Toolkit uses raw MIDI (on supported platforms), and SKINI (Synthesis ToolKit Instrument Network Interface, a MIDI-like text message synthesis control format).
For those instances where a simple GUI with sliders and buttons is
helpful, we use Tcl/Tk (http://dev.scriptics.com) which is freely
distributed for all the supported ToolKit platforms. A number of
Tcl/Tk GUI scripts are distributed with the ToolKit release. For
control, the Synthesis Toolkit uses raw MIDI (on supported platforms),
and SKINI (Synthesis ToolKit Instrument Network Interface, a MIDI-like
text message synthesis control format).
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:
See the individual README's (eg. README-linux) in the /doc directory for platform specific information and system requirements. In general, you will use the configure script to create Makefiles on unix platforms or the VC++ workspace files to compile the example programs. To use the Tcl/Tk GUIs, you will need Tcl/Tk version 8.0 or higher.
See the individual README's (eg. README-linux) in the /doc directory
for platform specific information and system requirements. In
general, you will use the configure script to create Makefiles on unix
platforms or the VC++ workspace files to compile the example programs.
To use the Tcl/Tk GUIs, you will need Tcl/Tk version 8.0 or higher.
WHAT'S NEW (AND NOT SO NEW):
Despite being available in one form or another since 1996, we still consider STK to be alpha software. We attempt to maintain backward compatability but changes are sometimes made in an effort to improve the overall design or performance of the software. Please read the Release Notes to see what has changed since the last release.
Despite being available in one form or another since 1996, we still
consider STK to be alpha software. We attempt to maintain backward
compatability but changes are sometimes made in an effort to improve
the overall design or performance of the software. Please read the
Release Notes to see what has changed since the last release.
A new StkFrames class has been created to facilitate the handling and passing of multichannel, vectorized audio data. All STK classes have been updated to include tick() functions that accept StkFrames arguments.
A new StkFrames class has been created to facilitate the handling and
passing of multichannel, vectorized audio data. All STK classes have
been updated to include tick() functions that accept StkFrames
arguments.
The control message handling scheme has been simplified greatly through the use of the Messager class. It is now possible to have access to simultaneous piped, socketed, and/or MIDI input control messages. In most cases, this should eliminate the use of the Md2Skini program.
The control message handling scheme has been simplified greatly
through the use of the Messager class. It is now possible to have
access to simultaneous piped, socketed, and/or MIDI input control
messages. In most cases, this should eliminate the use of the
Md2Skini program.
Realtime audio input capabilities were added to STK with release 3.0, though the behavior of such is very hardware dependent. Under Linux, Macintosh OS-X, and Irix, audio input and output are possible with very low latency. Using the Windoze DirectSound API, minimum dependable output sound latency seems to be around 20 milliseconds or so, while input sound latency is on the order of a hundred milliseconds or more!
Realtime audio input capabilities were added to STK with release 3.0,
though the behavior of such is very hardware dependent. Under Linux,
Macintosh OS-X, and Irix, audio input and output are possible with
very low latency. Using the Windoze DirectSound API, minimum
dependable output sound latency seems to be around 20 milliseconds or
so, while input sound latency is on the order of a hundred
milliseconds or more!
As mentioned above, it is possible to record the audio ouput of an STK program to .snd, .wav, .raw, .aif, and .mat (Matlab MAT-file) output file types. Though somewhat obsolete, the program Md2Skini can be used to write SKINI scorefiles from realtime MIDI input. Finally, STK should compile with non-realtime functionality on any platform with a generic C++ compiler.
As mentioned above, it is possible to record the audio ouput of an STK
program to .snd, .wav, .raw, .aif, and .mat (Matlab MAT-file) output
file types. Though somewhat obsolete, the program Md2Skini can be
used to write SKINI scorefiles from realtime MIDI input. Finally, STK
should compile with non-realtime functionality on any platform with a
generic C++ compiler.
For those who wish to make a library from the core STK classes, the configure script generates a Makefile in the src directory that will accomplish that (Linux, SGI, and Macintosh OS X only).
For those who wish to make a library from the core STK classes, the
configure script generates a Makefile in the src directory that will
accomplish that (Linux, SGI, and Macintosh OS X only).
DISCLAIMER:
You probably already guessed this, but just to be sure, we don't guarantee anything works. :-) It's free ... what do you expect? If you find a bug, please let us know and we'll try to correct it. You can also make suggestions, but again, no guarantees. Send email to the mail list.
You probably already guessed this, but just to be sure, we don't
guarantee anything works. :-) It's free ... what do you expect? If
you find a bug, please let us know and we'll try to correct it. You
can also make suggestions, but again, no guarantees. Send email to
the mail list.
LEGAL AND ETHICAL:
This software was designed and created to be made publicly available for free, primarily for academic purposes, so if you use it, pass it on with this documentation, and for free.
This software was designed and created to be made publicly available
for free, primarily for academic purposes, so if you use it, pass it
on with this documentation, and for free.
If you make a million dollars with it, give us some. If you make compositions with it, put us in the program notes.
If you make a million dollars with it, it would be nice if you would
share. If you make compositions with it, put us in the program notes.
Some of the concepts are covered by various patents, some known to us and likely others which are unknown. Many of the ones known to us are administered by the Stanford Office of Technology and Licensing.
Some of the concepts are covered by various patents, some known to us
and likely others which are unknown. Many of the ones known to us are
administered by the Stanford Office of Technology and Licensing.
The good news is that large hunks of the techniques used here are public domain. To avoid subtle legal issues, we'll not state what's freely useable here, but we'll try to note within the various classes where certain things are likely to be protected by patents.
The good news is that large hunks of the techniques used here are
public domain. To avoid subtle legal issues, we'll not state what's
freely useable here, but we'll try to note within the various classes
where certain things are likely to be protected by patents.
LICENSE:
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that they
can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is, however, not
a binding provision of this license.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
FURTHER READING:
For complete documentation on this ToolKit, the classes, etc., see the doc directory of the distribution or surf to http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/. Also check the platform specific README's for specific system requirements.
For complete documentation on this ToolKit, the classes, etc., see the
doc directory of the distribution or surf to
http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/. Also check the platform
specific README's for specific system requirements.
PERRY'S NOTES FROM THE ORIGINAL DISTRIBUTION:
This whole world was created with no particular hardware in mind. These examples are intended to be tutorial in nature, as a platform for the continuation of my research, and as a possible starting point for a software synthesis system. The basic motivation was to create the necessary unit generators to do the synthesis, processing, and control that I want to do and teach about. Little thought for optimization was given and therefore improvements, especially speed enhancements, should be possible with these classes. It was written with some basic concepts in mind about how to let compilers optimize.
This whole world was created with no particular hardware in mind.
These examples are intended to be tutorial in nature, as a platform
for the continuation of my research, and as a possible starting point
for a software synthesis system. The basic motivation was to create
the necessary unit generators to do the synthesis, processing, and
control that I want to do and teach about. Little thought for
optimization was given and therefore improvements, especially speed
enhancements, should be possible with these classes. It was written
with some basic concepts in mind about how to let compilers optimize.
Your question at this point might be, "But Perry, with CMix, CMusic, CSound, CShells, CMonkeys, etc. already cluttering the landscape, why a new set of stupid C functions for music synthesis and processing?" The answers lie below.
Your question at this point might be, "But Perry, with CMix, CMusic,
CSound, CShells, CMonkeys, etc. already cluttering the landscape, why
a new set of stupid C functions for music synthesis and processing?"
The answers lie below.
1) I needed to port many of the things I've done into something which is generic enough to port further to different machines.

25
STK_TODO.txt Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
Ongoing STK "to do" list:
- OSC server/client classes
- move various error checks, especially in tick() functions, into __DEBUG__ blocks
- more information reported in __DEBUG__ blocks
- add funcionality for sample rate in MAT-file support
- develop a good solution for multi-channel support in Instrumnt class (and others)
- add WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE support to WvIn/WvOut?
- port Blotar and Ublotar classes from PeRColate
- consider further sample rate change updates in classes?
- more documentation
To see differences:
-------------------
diff -B -C2 -P -u original_src_dir new_src_dir > difffile.txt

46
configure.ac
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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
AC_INIT(STK, 4.2.1, gary@music.mcgill.ca, stk)
AC_INIT(STK, 4.3, gary@music.mcgill.ca, stk)
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(src/Stk.cpp)
AC_CONFIG_FILES(src/Makefile projects/demo/Makefile projects/effects/Makefile projects/ragamatic/Makefile projects/examples/Makefile projects/examples/libMakefile)
@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@ if test $realtime = yes; then
audio_apis="-D__LINUX_ALSASEQ__"
# Look for Jack flag
AC_ARG_WITH(jack, [ --with-jack = choose JACK server support (linux only)], [AC_SUBST( sound_api, [-D__LINUX_JACK__] ) AC_MSG_RESULT(using JACK)] , )
if [test $sound_api = -D__LINUX_JACK__;] then
AC_ARG_WITH(jack, [ --with-jack = choose JACK server support (linux only)], [AC_SUBST( sound_api, [-D__UNIX_JACK__] ) AC_MSG_RESULT(using JACK)] , )
if [test $sound_api = -D__UNIX_JACK__;] then
TEMP_LIBS=$LIBS
AC_CHECK_LIB(jack, jack_client_new, , AC_MSG_ERROR(JACK support requires the jack library!))
LIBS="`pkg-config --cflags --libs jack` $TEMP_LIBS -lasound"
audio_apis="-D__LINUX_JACK__ $audio_apis"
audio_apis="-D__UNIX_JACK__ $audio_apis"
fi
# Look for Alsa flag
@@ -96,19 +96,33 @@ if test $realtime = yes; then
fi
;;
*-sgi*)
AC_SUBST( audio_apis, ["-D__IRIX_AL__ -D__IRIX_MD__ -LANG:std -w"] )
AC_MSG_RESULT(using IRIX AL)
AC_CHECK_LIB(audio, alOpenPort, , AC_MSG_ERROR(IRIX audio support requires the audio library!) )
AC_CHECK_LIB(md, mdOpenInPort, , AC_MSG_ERROR(IRIX MIDI support requires the md library!) )
;;
*-apple*)
# Check for CoreAudio and CoreMIDI framework
AC_CHECK_HEADERS(CoreAudio/CoreAudio.h CoreMIDI/CoreMIDI.h CoreServices/CoreServices.h,
[AC_SUBST( audio_apis, [-D__MACOSX_CORE__] )],
[AC_MSG_ERROR(CoreAudio and/or CoreMIDI header files not found!)] )
AC_SUBST( frameworks, ["-framework CoreAudio -framework CoreMIDI -framework CoreFoundation"] )
AC_SUBST( sound_api, [_NO_API_] )
# Look for JACK flag
AC_ARG_WITH(jack, [ --with-jack = choose JACK server support (unix only)], [AC_SUBST( sound_api, [-D__UNIX_JACK__] ) AC_MSG_RESULT(using JACK)], )
if [test $sound_api = -D__UNIX_JACK__;] then
AC_CHECK_LIB(jack, jack_client_new, , AC_MSG_ERROR(JACK support requires the jack library!))
audio_apis="-D__UNIX_JACK__"
fi
# Look for Core flag
AC_ARG_WITH(core, [ --with-core = choose CoreAudio API support (mac only)], [AC_SUBST( sound_api, [-D__MACOSX_CORE__] ) AC_MSG_RESULT(using CoreAudio)], )
if test $sound_api = -D__MACOSX_CORE__; then
AC_CHECK_HEADER(CoreAudio/CoreAudio.h, [], [AC_MSG_ERROR(CoreAudio header files not found!)] )
AC_SUBST( frameworks, ["-framework CoreAudio -framework CoreFoundation -framework CoreMidi"] )
audio_apis="-D__MACOSX_CORE__ $audio_apis"
fi
# If no audio api flags specified, use CoreAudio
if [test $sound_api = _NO_API_;] then
AC_SUBST( sound_api, [-D__MACOSX_CORE__] )
AC_MSG_RESULT(using CoreAudio)
AC_CHECK_HEADER(CoreAudio/CoreAudio.h,
[AC_SUBST( audio_apis, [-D__MACOSX_CORE__] )],
[AC_MSG_ERROR(CoreAudio header files not found!)] )
AC_SUBST( frameworks, ["-framework CoreAudio -framework CoreFoundation -framework CoreMidi"] )
fi
;;
*)

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doc/README-Linux.txt
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@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
Please read the file README and INSTALL for more general STK information.
Realtime audio support for Linux currently includes the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA), the JACK low-latency audio server, and/or Open Sound System (OSS) APIs. One or more APIs are selected during compilation using the __LINUX_ALSA__, __LINUX_JACK__, and/or __LINUX_OSS__ definitions. Because the ALSA library is now integrated into the standard Linux kernel, it is the default audio/MIDI API with STK versions 4.2 and higher. The __LINUX_ALSASEQ__ definition is required to compile RtMidi with ALSA sequencer support. Native OSS MIDI support no longer exists in RtMidi. If the __LINUX_OSS__ preprocessor definition is specified, only OSS audio support will be compiled and RtMidi will still be compiled using the ALSA API. For this reason, STK now requires the asound library for realtime support. Realtime programs must also link with the <TT>pthread</TT> library. The OSS audio API can be selected by passing the "--with-oss" option to configure.
The free version of OSS generally works as well (and in some cases better than the commercial OSS version ... such as with my Maestro 2e chipset). In general, the ALSA drivers also seem to perform well. You can read more about ALSA at http://www.alsa-project.org/. ALSA is open source and holds great promise for audio under Linux.
Realtime audio support for Linux currently includes the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA), the JACK low-latency audio server, and/or Open Sound System (OSS version 4.0 and higher only) APIs. One or more APIs are selected during compilation using the __LINUX_ALSA__, __UNIX_JACK__, and/or __LINUX_OSS__ definitions. Because the ALSA library is now integrated into the standard Linux kernel, it is the default audio/MIDI API with STK versions 4.2 and higher. The __LINUX_ALSASEQ__ definition is required to compile RtMidi with ALSA sequencer support. Native OSS MIDI support no longer exists in RtMidi. If the __LINUX_OSS__ preprocessor definition is specified, only OSS audio support will be compiled and RtMidi will still be compiled using the ALSA API. For this reason, STK now requires the asound library for realtime support. Realtime programs must also link with the pthread library. The OSS audio API can be selected by passing the "--with-oss" option to configure.
STK should compile without much trouble under Linux. Since all Linux distributions typically include the GNU makefile utilities, you should be able to use the default Makefile. Typing "make" will initiate the compilation process.

4
doc/README-MacOSX.txt
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@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
Please read the file README and INSTALL for more general STK information.
Realtime support for Macintosh OS X uses the CoreAudio HAL API and is specified during compilation using the __MACOSX_CORE__ preprocessor definition.
The default realtime support for Macintosh OS X uses the CoreAudio HAL API and is specified during compilation using the __MACOSX_CORE__ preprocessor definition. There is also support for the JACK low-latency audio server using the __UNIX_JACK__ preprocessor definition.
It is necessary to install the OS X developer kit in order to compile STK. STK was successfully tested on OS X versions 10.4.

2
doc/README-NeXT.txt
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
Please read the file README and INSTALL for more general STK information.

4
doc/README-SGI.txt
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@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
Please read the file README and INSTALL for more general STK information.
The project Makefiles are created by configure. If you have trouble running "make", try invoking "gmake" (for GNU make). If that doesn't work, try to download the GNU Makefile utilities from the Internet.
Another issue that has crept up with this release is proper compiler support for C++ error handling. If you experience problems, you probably don't have a recent version of the C++ compiler. Otherwise, STK should compile and run on SGI platforms without any problems. Release 4.0 of STK is confirmed to compile (with various warnings) using CC version 7.30.
With STK version 4.3, realtime support for IRIX has been discontinued due to the inability to test it. If you need realtime support on an SGI, go back to version 4.2.1. Release 4.0 of STK is confirmed to compile (with various warnings) using CC version 7.30.
The __IRIX_AL__ and __IRIX_MD__ preprocessor definitions are required for realtime audio and MIDI support.

6
doc/README-Win.txt
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@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
Please read the file README for more general STK information.
DirectX and WindowsNT Issues:
-----------------------------
STK is currently distributed with Visual C++ 6.0 project and workspace files. It has been tested using both Visual C++ 6.0 and Visual C++ .NET.
STK is currently distributed with Visual C++ .NET project and workspace files. It no longer compiles with Visual C++ 6.0. I gave up attempting to fix all the problems created by such a bad compiler. This version of STK has been tested using Visual C++ .NET.
IMPORTANT VC++ NOTE: When compiling "release" versions of STK programs, link to the release multithreaded library. When compiling "debug" versions, link to the debug multithreaded library. Compiler errors will result otherwise. Also, the Microsoft folk are up to their old habits of trying to change standards. The .NET compiler will complain about cerr for some reason.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ When using the DirectSound API for audio input, latency is typically pretty horr
Realtime MIDI input/output is supported by RtMidi using the winmm.lib API and requires the __WINDOWS_MM__ preprocessor definition.
Visual C++ 6.0 workspaces have been created for the various STK projects. Everything has already been configured for you. The intermediate .obj files will be written to either the "Release" or "Debug" directories, but the executable files will be written to the main project directories (where they need to be for proper execution). If you should somehow lose or hose the VC++ workspace file for a project, then you will have to do a LOT of configuring to recreate it ... it's probably easier just to download the distribution again from our WWW sites. Anyway, for your benefit and mine, here is a list of things that need to be added to the various "Project Settings":
Visual C++ workspaces have been created for the various STK projects. Everything has already been configured for you. The intermediate .obj files will be written to either the "Release" or "Debug" directories, but the executable files will be written to the main project directories (where they need to be for proper execution). If you should somehow lose or hose the VC++ workspace file for a project, then you will have to do a LOT of configuring to recreate it ... it's probably easier just to download the distribution again from our WWW sites. Anyway, for your benefit and mine, here is a list of things that need to be added to the various "Project Settings" (this was for VC 6.0 ... things have changed with the newer versions of the VC compiler):
1. Under General: Set "Output files:" to <blank> (this will put the executable in the main project directory.

23
doc/ReleaseNotes.txt
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@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
v4.3.0: (13 August 2007)
- an official MIT-like license
- new functionality to automatically update class data when the STK sample rate changes (partly implemented)
- updates for new RtAudio version 4.0
- bug fix in interpolate() function in Stk.h for non-interleaved data
- fixes / improvements to the Granulate class
- fix in Whistle when doing animation
- fixes in BlitSquare for frequency, harmonics, and dc offset
- updates to Makefiles for non-realtime compile
- fix in demo.cpp for voice channel assignment
- updated versions of RtMidi and RtAudio
- updated ASIO files for MinGW compiler
- new FAQ in documentation
- MAT-file bug fix in FileRead class
Future To Do:
- OSC server/client classes
- move various error checks, especially in tick() functions, into __DEBUG__ blocks?
- add WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE support to RtAudio
- add WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE support to WvIn/WvOut?
- better documentation
v4.2.1: (14 October 2005)
- greatly expanded StkFrames functionality (including interpolation and indexing by channel/frame)

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# Project related configuration options
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROJECT_NAME = STK
PROJECT_NUMBER = 4.2.1
PROJECT_NUMBER = 4.3
OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = .
CREATE_SUBDIRS = NO
OUTPUT_LANGUAGE = English

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/*! \page compile Compiling
The Synthesis ToolKit can be used in a variety of ways, depending on your particular needs. Some people choose the classes they need for a particular project and copy those to their working directory. Others create <TT>Makefiles</TT> which compile project-specific class objects from common <TT>src</TT> and <TT>include</TT> directories. And still others like to compile and link to a common library of object files. STK was not designed with one particular style of use in mind.
The Synthesis ToolKit can be used in a variety of ways, depending on your particular needs. Some people choose the classes they need for a particular project and copy those to their working directory. Others create <TT>Makefiles</TT> that compile project-specific class objects from common <TT>src</TT> and <TT>include</TT> directories. And still others like to compile and link to a common library of object files. STK was not designed with one particular style of use in mind.
\section rtvsnonrt "Realtime" vs. "Non-Realtime"
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ Most of the Synthesis ToolKit classes are platform independent. That
means that they should compile on any reasonably current C++ compiler.
The functionality needed for realtime audio and MIDI input/output, as
well as realtime control message acquistion, is inherently platform
and operating-system (OS) <I>dependent</I>. STK classes which require
and operating-system (OS) <I>dependent</I>. STK classes that require
specific platform/OS support include RtAudio, RtWvOut, RtWvIn,
RtDuplex, RtMidi, InetWvIn, InetWvOut, Socket, UdpSocket, TcpServer,
TcpClient, Thread, and Mutex. These classes currently can only be
compiled on Linux, Irix, Macintosh OS X, and Windows systems.
compiled on Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows systems.
Without the "realtime" classes, it is still possible to read SKINI
scorefiles for control input and to read and write to/from a variety
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ STK compiles with realtime support on the following flavors of the Unix operatin
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Linux</TD>
<TD>Jack (audio only, use ALSA for MIDI support)</TD>
<TD>__LINUX_JACK__, __LINUX_ALSASEQ__, __LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TD>
<TD>OSS (version 4.0 only, use ALSA for MIDI support)</TD>
<TD>__LINUX_OSS__, __LINUX_ALSASEQ__, __LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TD>
<TD><TT>asound, pthread</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Linux</TD>
<TD>OSS (audio only, use ALSA for MIDI support)</TD>
<TD>__LINUX_OSS__, __LINUX_ALSASEQ__, __LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TD>
<TD><TT>asound, pthread</TT></TD>
<TD>Linux and Macintosh OS-X</TD>
<TD>Jack (audio only, use ALSA for MIDI support)</TD>
<TD>__UNIX_JACK__, __LINUX_ALSASEQ__, __LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TD>
<TD><TT>asound, pthread, jack</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Macintosh OS X</TD>
@@ -58,12 +58,6 @@ STK compiles with realtime support on the following flavors of the Unix operatin
<TD>__MACOSX_CORE__</TD>
<TD><TT>pthread, CoreAudio, CoreMIDI, CoreFoundation</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Irix</TD>
<TD>AL</TD>
<TD>__IRIX_AL__, __IRIX_MD__</TD>
<TD><TT>audio, pthread</TT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
@@ -85,7 +79,7 @@ g++ -Wall -D__LITTLE_ENDIAN__ -o sineosc Stk.cpp FileRead.cpp FileWrite.cpp WvIn
Note that the <TT>sineosc.cpp</TT> example does not make use of realtime audio or MIDI input/output classes. For programs using any of the STK realtime classes mentioned above, it is necessary to specify an audio/MIDI API preprocessor definition and link with the appropriate libraries or frameworks.
When working with a number of different projects that make use of ToolKit classes, the above approach can become cumbersome (especially when trying to synchronize with new STK releases). Most of the STK projects (e.g., demo, effects, ...) contain <TT>Makefiles</TT> (built by the configure script) which compile project-specific class objects from the distribution <TT>src</TT> and <TT>include</TT> directories. This approach makes it relatively easy when upgrading to a new STK release (by making path substitutions in the <TT>Makefile</TT> or by moving the projects to a similar relative path within the new STK source tree). A <TT>Makefile</TT> is provided in the <TT>projects/examples</TT> directory for compiling all the tutorial programs, as well as other example programs. To compile the <TT>sineosc.cpp</TT> program, for example, one need only type <TT>make sineosc</TT> from within the <TT>projects/examples</TT> directory.
When working with a number of different projects that make use of ToolKit classes, the above approach can become cumbersome (especially when trying to synchronize with new STK releases). Most of the STK projects (e.g., demo, effects, ...) contain <TT>Makefiles</TT> (built by the configure script) that compile project-specific class objects from the distribution <TT>src</TT> and <TT>include</TT> directories. This approach makes it relatively easy when upgrading to a new STK release (by making path substitutions in the <TT>Makefile</TT> or by moving the projects to a similar relative path within the new STK source tree). A <TT>Makefile</TT> is provided in the <TT>projects/examples</TT> directory for compiling all the tutorial programs, as well as other example programs. To compile the <TT>sineosc.cpp</TT> program, for example, one need only type <TT>make sineosc</TT> from within the <TT>projects/examples</TT> directory.
\subsection library Library Use:
@@ -114,11 +108,11 @@ g++ -Wall -D__LITTLE_ENDIAN__ -o sineosc sineosc.cpp -lstk
\section compileWin Windows:
STK has been tested on Windows platforms using the Visual C++ compiler
STK has been tested on Windows platforms using the Visual .NET compiler
only. It is assumed here that you're familiar with Visual C++ and its
particular idiosyncrasies.
particular idiosyncrasies. STK won't compile in Visual C++ 6.0 any more.
The approach when using Visual C++ is to build a project which
The approach when using Visual C++ is to build a project that
includes the necessary ToolKit files from the distribution
<TT>src</TT> and <TT>include</TT> directories. For the example
program from the previous tutorial chapter, create a VC++ console

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/*! \page crealtime Realtime Audio (callback)
The previous section described the use of the RtWvOut class for realtime audio output. The RtWvOut::tick() function periodically pauses program execution in order to send a buffer of audio data to the computer's audio hardware (referred to as blocking functionality). These pauses will effectively limit a program's computations to the correct number of samples per second, which is defined by the sample rate of the hardware.
An alternative scheme for audio input/output is to define a specific
function in which audio computations are performed and to let the
audio system call this function when more input/output data can be
accepted by the hardware (referred to as a callback scheme). In this
section, we show how the previous <TT>rtsine.cpp</TT> program can be
modified to work in a callback scenario. There is no "single-sample"
interface for this functionality. The callback function will be
invoked automatically by the audio system controller (RtAudio) when
new data is needed and it is necessary to compute a full audio buffer
of samples at that time (see \ref callback for further information).
An alternative scheme for audio input/output is to define a specific function in which audio computations are performed and to let the audio system call this function when more input/output data can be accepted by the hardware (referred to as a callback scheme). In this section, we show how the previous <TT>rtsine.cpp</TT> program can be modified to work in a callback scenario. There is no "single-sample" interface for this functionality. The callback function will be invoked automatically by the audio system controller (RtAudio) when new data is needed and it is necessary to compute a full audio buffer of samples at that time (see \ref callback for further information).
The previous section described the use of the RtWvOut class for
realtime audio output. The RtWvOut::tick() function writes data to a
large ring-buffer, from which data is periodically written to the
computer's audio hardware via an underlying callback routine.
\include crtsine.cpp
The sinusoidal oscillator is created as before. The instantiation of RtAudio requires quite a few more parameters, including output/input device and channel specifiers, the data format, and the desired buffer length (in frames). In this example, we request a single output channel using the default output device, zero channels of input, the RtAudio data format which corresponds to an <tt>StkFloat</tt>, and the RT_BUFFER_SIZE defined in Stk.h. The last argument is an API-dependent buffering parameter (see RtAudio for further information).
The sinusoidal oscillator is created as before. The instantiation of
RtAudio requires quite a few more parameters, including output/input
device and channel specifiers, the data format, and the desired buffer
length (in frames). In this example, we request a single output
channel using the default output device, zero channels of input, the
RtAudio data format which corresponds to an <tt>StkFloat</tt>, and the
RT_BUFFER_SIZE defined in Stk.h. The \c bufferFrames argument is an
API-dependent buffering parameter (see RtAudio for further
information).
After the digital-to-analog converter (dac) and oscillator are successfully created, it is necessary to provide the audio system controller with a pointer to our callback function. The RtAudio::setStreamCallback() function takes a pointer to the callback function and an optional pointer to data that will be made available in the callback. In this example, we need to pass only the pointer to the oscillator. In more complex programs, it is typically necessary to put all shared data in a <tt>struct</tt> (see the next tutorial program for an example) or make use of global variables.
We also provide the audio system controller with a pointer to our
callback function and an optional pointer to data that will be made
available in the callback. In this example, we need to pass only the
pointer to the oscillator. In more complex programs, it is typically
necessary to put all shared data in a <tt>struct</tt> (see the next
tutorial program for an example) or make use of global variables.
Our callback routine is the \c tick() function. %Function arguments include a pointer to the audio data buffer, the buffer size (in frames), and the data pointer passed to the RtAudio::setStreamCallback() function (if it exists). It is necessary to cast these pointers to their corresponding data types before use. Our tick() routine simply "ticks" the oscillator for \c bufferSize counts and writes the result into the audio data buffer before returning.
Our callback routine is the \c tick() function. Function arguments
include pointers to the audio input and output data buffers, the
buffer size (in frames), a stream time argument, a status argument to
test for over/underruns, and the data pointer passed in the
openStream() function (if it exists). It is necessary to cast these
pointers to their corresponding data types before use. Our tick()
routine simply "ticks" the oscillator for \c nBufferFrames counts and
writes the result into the audio data buffer before returning.
The \c main() function blocks at the std::cin.get() call until the user hits the "enter" key, after which the audio controller is shut down and program execution ends.
The \c main() function blocks at the std::cin.get() call until the
user hits the "enter" key, after which the audio controller is shut
down and program execution ends.
\section callback Blocking vs. Callbacks
Prior to version 4.2.0, all STK example projects and programs used blocking audio input/output functionality (typically with the RtWvIn, RtWvOut, or RtDuplex classes). In many instances, a blocking scheme results in a clearer and more straight-forward program structure. Within a graphical user interface (GUI) programming context, however, callback routines are often more natural.
Prior to version 4.2.0, all STK example projects and programs used
blocking audio input/output functionality (typically with the RtWvIn,
RtWvOut, or RtDuplex classes). In many instances, a blocking scheme
results in a clearer and more straight-forward program structure.
Within a graphical user interface (GUI) programming context, however,
callback routines are often more natural.
The RtAudio class provides both blocking and callback routines for all supported audio APIs. It should be noted that it is easy to embed blocking calls within a thread to create "callback-like" functionality. In fact, this is what RtAudio does for those audio APIs which are naturally based on blocking routines (Linux ALSA and OSS, SGI Irix, and Windows DirectSound). It is much more difficult to make an inherently callback-based system work like a blocking scheme. RtAudio attempts to do this with the Linux JACK, Macintosh OS-X CoreAudio, and Windows ASIO APIs, but the result is not fully robust (audio over/underruns are more likely to occur).
In order to allow all STK programs to function with equal proficiency on all supported computer platforms, a decision was made to modify the example projects to use audio callback routines. The result is a more complicated code structure, which is unfortunate given that we generally strive to make STK code as clear as possible for educational purposes. This was especially an issue with the demo program because it is designed to function in both realtime and non-realtime contexts. The use of global variables has been avoided by defining data structures to hold all variables which must be accessible to the callback routine and other functions. Alternative schemes for making control updates could be designed depending on particular program needs and constraints.
In order to allow all STK programs to function with equal proficiency
on all supported computer platforms, a decision was made to modify the
example projects to use audio callback routines. The result is a more
complicated code structure, which is unfortunate given that we
generally strive to make STK code as clear as possible for educational
purposes. This was especially an issue with the demo program because
it is designed to function in both realtime and non-realtime contexts.
The use of global variables has been avoided by defining data
structures to hold all variables that must be accessible to the
callback routine and other functions. Alternative schemes for making
control updates could be designed depending on particular program
needs and constraints.
[<A HREF="tutorial.html">Main tutorial page</A>] &nbsp; [<A HREF="instruments.html">Next tutorial</A>]
*/

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/*! \page download Download, Release Notes, and Bug Fixes
\section down Download Version 4.2.1 (14 October 2005):
\section down Download Version 4.3.0 (13 August 2007):
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/release/stk-4.2.1.tar.gz">Source distribution</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/release/stk-4.2.1.binaries.tar.gz">Source with precompiled Windows binaries</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/release/stk-4.3.0.tar.gz">Source distribution</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/release/stk-4.3.0.binaries.tar.gz">Source with precompiled Windows binaries</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/planetccrma/software/">Linux RPMs from Planet CCRMA</A></LI>
</UL>
\section notes Release Notes:
\subsection v4dot3dot0 Version 4.3.0
<ul>
<li>An official MIT-like license.</li>
<li>New functionality to automatically update class data when the STK sample rate changes (partly implemented).</li>
<li>Updates for new RtAudio version 4.0.</li>
<li>Bug fix in interpolate() function in Stk.h for non-interleaved data.</li>
<li>Fixes / improvements to the Granulate class.</li>
<li>Fix in Whistle when doing animation.</li>
<li>Fixes in BlitSquare for frequency, harmonics, and dc offset.</li>
<li>Updates to Makefiles for non-realtime compile.</li>
<li>Fix in demo.cpp for voice channel assignment.</li>
<li>Updated versions of RtMidi and RtAudio.</li>
<li>Updated ASIO files for MinGW compiler.</li>
<li>New FAQ in documentation.</li>
<li>MAT-file bug fix in FileRead class.</li>
</ul>
\subsection v4dot2dot1 Version 4.2.1
<ul>

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/*! \page faq Frequently Asked Questions
- \ref license
- \ref filerate
- \ref computesample
- \ref tickframe
- \ref endianness
- \ref xwindows
\section license Does STK have a license?
Yes, we finally made something official for release 4.3.0. It is listed in the Stk class and a few other places in the distribution, but I'll repeat it here for clarity:
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that they
can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is, however, not
a binding provision of this license.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
\section filerate Why is my file sample rate wrong?
When the FileWvIn class loads a soundfile, it automatically sets its internal read increment based on the soundfile rate and the current STK sample rate. For example, if the current STK sample rate is 44100 Hz and the soundfile rate is 22050 Hz, the read increment, or rate, will be set to 0.5 and the file will be interpolated so that is sounds correct at 44100 Hz. For most cases, this works fine. However, consider the following example:
\code
FileWvIn input( "infile" ); // read an input soundfile
StkFloat sampleRate = input.getFileRate();
Stk::setSampleRate( sampleRate ); // set a new STK sample rate based on the file rate
\endcode
With version 4.3 and higher of STK, the FileWvIn class will be notified of a sample rate change and it will automatically adjust its read rate accordingly. Previous versions of STK did not perform this change and thus, the read rate could end up being incorrect. If you do not want FileWvIn to perform this automatic adjustment, you can call the \c ignoreSampleRateChange() function for a given class instance.
\section tickframe What is the difference between the tick() and tickFrame() functions?
\e tickFrame() functions are provided in classes that can handle multi-channel data. A <i>sample frame</i> of audio data represents a single "slice" in time across many audio channels. The WvIn and WvOut subclasses are the primary classes in STK that currently implement the \e tickFrame() functions. \e tick() functions are used for monophonic classes. Note, however, that the WvIn and WvOut classes also implement \e tick() functions though their behavior is dependent on the number of channels you are working with. For example, if using the FileWvIn class with a monophonic soundfile, then there is no difference between the \e tick() and \e tickFrame() functions (aside from the format of their arguments). But if you have a multi-channel file open, then the single value returned from the tick() function is an average of all the samples in the multi-channel sample frame.
\section computesample Hey, why was the tick() function replaced by computeSample() in various STK classes?
C++ doesn't like overloaded virtual functions. All STK classes that implement a single-sample \e tick() function also provide an overloaded version that takes an StkFrames argument (for vectorized computations). Further, many STK classes inherit from abstract base classes (Instrmnt, Generator, ...) and it is most convenient to define functionality common to all subclasses (like the \e tick() function that takes an StkFrames argument) in only the base class. So, to get around the overloaded virtual function problem, STK now uses the \e computeSample() function as a non-overloaded virtual function that is implemented in all subclasses (it essentially replaces the \e tick() function). Note, however, that the overloaded \e tick() functions are still available to the user ... they are implemented in the base classes.
\section endianness Why does the sound I generated with STK sound like *&#@!?
If the resultant sound generated by an STK program sounds like noise (and you're not doing an MLS experiment), the problem is likely related to the byte "endianness" of your computer. By default, STK assumes "big endian" byte order. If you are working with STK classes on a PC (Windows or Linux), you \e must define the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> preprocessor definition \e before compiling. If after reading this you realize you need to make this change, do not forget to recompile all STK classes from scratch.
\section xwindows Why do I get a Tk display error message?
The following error will be printed to your terminal window if you attempt to start an STK tcl/tk interface without the X Server first running:
\code
Application initialization failed: this isn't a Tk applicationcouldn't connect to display ":0.0"
\endcode
Simply start your X server and then try the command again.
*/

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<table>
<tr><td><A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/"><I>The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK)</I></A></td></tr>
<tr><td>&copy;1995-2005 Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone. All Rights Reserved.</td></tr>
<tr><td>&copy;1995-2007 Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone. All Rights Reserved.</td></tr>
</table>
</BODY>

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/*! \page fundamentals STK Fundamentals
The Synthesis ToolKit is implemented in the C++ programming language. STK does not attempt to provide a new programming environment or paradigm but rather provides a set of objects which can be used within a normal C++ programming framework. Therefore, it is expected that users of STK will have some familiarity with C/C++ programming concepts. That said, the STK classes do have some particular idiosyncrasies that we will mention here.
The Synthesis ToolKit is implemented in the C++ programming language. STK does not attempt to provide a new programming environment or paradigm but rather provides a set of objects that can be used within a normal C++ programming framework. Therefore, it is expected that users of STK will have some familiarity with C/C++ programming concepts. That said, the STK classes do have some particular idiosyncrasies that we will mention here.
\section Signal Computations:
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ int main()
}
\endcode
Nearly all STK classes implement <TT>tick()</TT> functions that take and/or return sample values. Within the <TT>tick()</TT> function, the fundamental sample calculations are performed for a given class. Most STK classes consume/generate a single sample per operation and their <TT>tick()</TT> method takes/returns each sample "by value". In addition, every class implementing a <TT>tick()</TT> function also provides one or more overloaded <TT>tick()</TT> functions which can be used for vectorized computations, as shown in the next example.
Nearly all STK classes implement <TT>tick()</TT> functions that take and/or return sample values. Within the <TT>tick()</TT> function, the fundamental sample calculations are performed for a given class. Most STK classes consume/generate a single sample per operation and their <TT>tick()</TT> method takes/returns each sample "by value". In addition, every class implementing a <TT>tick()</TT> function also provides one or more overloaded <TT>tick()</TT> functions that can be used for vectorized computations, as shown in the next example.
\code
#include "Noise.h"
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ In this way, it might be possible to achieve improved processing efficiency usin
\section STK Inheritance:
Nearly all STK classes inherit from the Stk abstract base class, which provides common functionality related to error reporting, sample rate control, and byte swapping. Several other base classes exist which roughly group many of the classes according to function as follows:
Nearly all STK classes inherit from the Stk abstract base class, which provides common functionality related to error reporting, sample rate control, and byte swapping. Several other base classes exist that roughly group many of the classes according to function as follows:
- Generator: source signal unit generator classes [Envelope, ADSR, Asymp, Noise, SubNoise, Modulate, SingWave, SineWave Blit, BlitSaw, BlitSquare, Granulate]
- Filter: digital filtering classes [OneZero, OnePole, PoleZero, TwoZero, TwoPole, BiQuad, FormSwep, Delay, DelayL, DelayA]

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<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<CENTER>
<img src="princeton.gif"> &nbsp; <img src="ccrma.gif"> &nbsp; <img src="mcgill.gif"><P>
<a class="qindex" href="index.html">Home</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="information.html">Information</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="classes.html">Classes</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="download.html">Download</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="usage.html">Usage</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="maillist.html">Mail List</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="system.html">Requirements</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="links.html">Links</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></CENTER>
<a class="qindex" href="index.html">Home</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="information.html">Information</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="classes.html">Classes</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="download.html">Download</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="usage.html">Usage</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="maillist.html">Mail List</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="system.html">Requirements</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="links.html">Links</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="faq.html">FAQ</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></CENTER>
<HR>

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\vspace*{1cm}
{\large by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone}\\
\vspace*{0.5cm}
{\small \copyright 1995--2002}\\
{\small \copyright 1995--2007}\\
\end{center}
\end{titlepage}
\clearemptydoublepage
\pagenumbering{roman}
\rfoot[\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\scriptsize The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, \copyright~1995--2002}]{}
\lfoot[]{\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\scriptsize The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, \copyright~1995--2002}}
\rfoot[\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\scriptsize The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, \copyright~1995--2007}]{}
\lfoot[]{\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\scriptsize The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, \copyright~1995--2007}}
\tableofcontents
\clearemptydoublepage
\pagenumbering{arabic}

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frame.
Nearly all STK classes inherit from the Stk base class. Stk provides
a static sample rate which is queried by subclasses as needed.
a static sample rate that is queried by subclasses as needed.
Because many classes use the current sample rate value during
instantiation, it is important that the desired value be set at the
beginning of a program. The default STK sample rate is 44100 Hz.

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@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ completely user-extensible (all source included, no unusual libraries,
and no hidden drivers). We like to think that this increases the
chances that our programs will still work in another 5-10 years. In
fact, the ToolKit has been working continuously for about 10 years
now. STK currently runs with "realtime" support (audio and MIDI) on
SGI (Irix), Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms.
Generic, non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and
other platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
now. STK currently runs with realtime support (audio and MIDI) on
Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms. Generic,
non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and other
platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
- \ref information
- \ref classes
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ other platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
- \ref maillist
- \ref system
- \ref links
- \ref faq
- \ref tutorial
*/

48
doc/doxygen/information.txt
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@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Here's a link to a book that includes an chapter on STK.
<H4>What is the <I>Synthesis ToolKit</I>?</H4>
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK) is a set of open source audio signal processing and algorithmic synthesis classes written in the C++ programming language. STK was designed to facilitate rapid development of music synthesis and audio processing software, with an emphasis on cross-platform functionality, realtime control, ease of use, and educational example code. The Synthesis ToolKit is extremely portable (it's mostly platform-independent C and C++ code), and it's completely user-extensible (all source included, no unusual libraries, and no hidden drivers). We like to think that this increases the chances that our programs will still work in another 5-10 years. In fact, the ToolKit has been working continuously for nearly 10 years now. STK currently runs with "realtime" support (audio and MIDI) on SGI (Irix), Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms. Generic, non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and other platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
The Synthesis ToolKit in C++ (STK) is a set of open source audio signal processing and algorithmic synthesis classes written in the C++ programming language. STK was designed to facilitate rapid development of music synthesis and audio processing software, with an emphasis on cross-platform functionality, realtime control, ease of use, and educational example code. The Synthesis ToolKit is extremely portable (it's mostly platform-independent C and C++ code), and it's completely user-extensible (all source included, no unusual libraries, and no hidden drivers). We like to think that this increases the chances that our programs will still work in another 5-10 years. In fact, the ToolKit has been working continuously for nearly 10 years now. STK currently runs with realtime support (audio and MIDI) on Linux, Macintosh OS X, and Windows computer platforms. Generic, non-realtime support has been tested under NeXTStep, Sun, and other platforms and should work with any standard C++ compiler.
The Synthesis ToolKit is free for non-commercial use. The only parts of the Synthesis ToolKit that are platform-dependent concern real-time audio and MIDI input and output, and that is taken care of with a few special classes. The interface for MIDI input and the simple <A HREF="http://dev.scriptics.com">Tcl/Tk</A> graphical user interfaces (GUIs) provided is the same, so it's easy to experiment in real time using either the GUIs or MIDI. The Synthesis ToolKit can generate simultaneous SND (AU), WAV, AIFF, and MAT-file output soundfile formats (as well as realtime sound output), so you can view your results using one of a large variety of sound/signal analysis tools already available (e.g. <A HREF="http://www-ccrma.stanford.edu/software/snd/">Snd</A>, Cool Edit, Matlab).
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ The Synthesis ToolKit is free for non-commercial use. The only parts of the Syn
The Synthesis Toolkit is not one particular program. Rather, it is a set of C++ classes that you can use to create your own programs. A few example applications are provided to demonstrate some of the ways to use the classes. If you have specific needs, you will probably have to either modify the example programs or write a new program altogether. Further, the example programs don't have a fancy GUI wrapper. It is easy to embed STK classes inside a GUI environment but we have chosen to focus our energy on the audio signal processing issues. Spending hundreds of hours making platform-dependent graphical user interfaces would go against one of the fundamental design goals of the ToolKit - platform independence.
For those instances where a simple GUI with sliders and buttons is helpful, we use <A HREF="http://dev.scriptics.com">Tcl/Tk</A> (which is freely distributed for all the supported ToolKit platforms). A number of Tcl/Tk GUI scripts are distributed with the ToolKit release. For control, the Synthesis Toolkit uses raw MIDI (on supported platforms), and SKINI (Synthesis ToolKit Instrument Network Interface, a MIDI-like text message synthesis control format).
For those instances where a simple GUI with sliders and buttons is helpful, we use <A HREF="http://dev.scriptics.com">Tcl/Tk</A> (that is freely distributed for all the supported ToolKit platforms). A number of Tcl/Tk GUI scripts are distributed with the ToolKit release. For control, the Synthesis Toolkit uses raw MIDI (on supported platforms), and SKINI (Synthesis ToolKit Instrument Network Interface, a MIDI-like text message synthesis control format).
<H4>A brief history of the <I>Synthesis ToolKit in C++.</I></H4>
@@ -58,15 +58,49 @@ Stilson, Bill Putnam, and Gabriel Maldonado.
<H4>Legal and Ethical Notes</H4>
This software was designed and created to be made publicly available for free, primarily for academic purposes, so if you use it, pass it on with this documentation, and for free. If you make a million dollars with it, give us some. If you make compositions with it, put us in the program notes.
<P>
This software was designed and created to be made publicly available
for free, primarily for academic purposes, so if you use it, pass it
on with this documentation, and for free. If you make a million
dollars with it, it would be nice if you would share. If you make
compositions with it, put us in the program notes.
Some of the concepts are covered by various patents, some known to us and likely others which are unknown. Many of the ones known to us are administered by the Stanford Office of Technology and Licensing. The good news is that large hunks of the techniques used here are public domain. To avoid subtle legal issues, we will not state what's freely useable here, but we will try to note within the various classes where certain things are likely to be protected by patents.
Some of the concepts are covered by various patents, some known to us
and likely others that are unknown. Many of the ones known to us are
administered by the Stanford Office of Technology and Licensing. The
good news is that large hunks of the techniques used here are public
domain. To avoid subtle legal issues, we will not state what's freely
useable here, but we will try to note within the various classes where
certain things are likely to be protected by patents.
<H4>License</H4>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that they
can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is, however, not
a binding provision of this license.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
<H4>Disclaimer</H4>
STK is free and we do not guarantee anything. We've been hacking on this code for a while now and most of it seems to work pretty well. But, there surely are some bugs floating around. Sometimes things work fine on one computer platform but not so fine on another. FPU overflows and underflows cause <I>very</I> weird behavior which also depends on the particular CPU and OS. Let us know about bugs you find and we'll do our best to correct them.
STK is free and we do not guarantee anything. We've been hacking on this code for a while now and most of it seems to work pretty well. But, there surely are some bugs floating around. Sometimes things work fine on one computer platform but not so fine on another. FPU overflows and underflows cause <I>very</I> weird behavior that also depends on the particular CPU and OS. Let us know about bugs you find and we'll do our best to correct them.
<H4>Perry's Notes From the Original Distribution of STK</H4>
@@ -75,7 +109,7 @@ This whole world was created with no particular hardware in mind. These example
Your question at this point might be, "But Perry, with CMix, CMusic, CSound, CShells, CMonkeys, etc. already cluttering the landscape, why a new set of stupid C functions for music synthesis and processing?" The answers lie below.
<ol>
<li>I needed to port many of the things I've done into something which is generic enough to port further to different machines.</li>
<li>I needed to port many of the things I've done into something that is generic enough to port further to different machines.</li>
<li>I really plan to document this stuff, so that you don't have to be me to figure out what's going on. (I'll probably be sorry I said this in a couple of years, when even I can't figure out what I was thinking.)</li>

4
doc/doxygen/links.txt
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@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
- <A HREF="http://music.mcgill.ca/~gary/rtmidi/">The %RtMidi WWW site</A>
- <A HREF="http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~woony/software/stkx/">StkX: A Cocoa STK Framework for Mac OS X by Woon Seung Yeo</A>
- <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mobilestk">Mobile STK: A port of STK for mobile devices by Georg Essl and Michael Rohs</A>
- <A HREF="http://chuck.cs.princeton.edu/">ChucK: Concurrent, On-the-fly Audio Programming Language</A> using STK unit generators
- <A HREF="http://www.music.princeton.edu/paul/stkugens.tar.gz">Paul Lansky's port of STK to SuperCollider</A>

2
doc/doxygen/polyvoices.txt
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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ We have written this program to accept control messages from \c STDIN. Assuming
threebees < scores/bachfugue.ski
\endcode
For more fun, surf to <A HREF="http://kern.humdrum.net/">Kern Scores</A> for a huge assortment of other scorefiles which can be downloaded in the SKINI format.
For more fun, surf to <A HREF="http://kern.humdrum.net/">Kern Scores</A> for a huge assortment of other scorefiles that can be downloaded in the SKINI format.
Another easy extension would be to add the \c Messager::startMidiInput() function to the program and then play the instruments via a MIDI keyboard.

26
doc/doxygen/realtime.txt
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@@ -12,18 +12,24 @@ SineWave.h, is 2048 samples.
The class RtWvOut is a protected subclass of WvOut. A number of
optional constructor arguments can be used to fine tune its
performance for a given system. RtWvOut provides a "single-sample"
interface to the RtAudio class. Note that RtWvOut (as well as the
RtWvIn and RtDuplex classes described below) make use of RtAudio's
blocking input/output functionality. On systems that implement an
inherently callback-based audio API (Linux Jack, Windows ASIO, OS-X
CoreAudio), this blocking functionality will be less robust. An
example of audio output using a callback scheme will be discussed in a
subsequent tutorial section.
performance for a given system. RtWvOut provides a "single-sample",
blocking interface to the RtAudio class. Note that RtWvOut (as well
as the RtWvIn class described below) makes use of RtAudio's callback
input/output functionality by creating a large ring-buffer into which
data is written. These classes should not be used when low-latency
and robust performance is necessary
Though not used here, an RtWvIn class exists as well that can be used to read realtime audio data from an input device. See the <TT>record.cpp</TT> example program in the <TT>examples</TT> project for more information.
Though not used here, an RtWvIn class exists as well that can be used
to read realtime audio data from an input device. See the
<TT>record.cpp</TT> example program in the <TT>examples</TT> project
for more information.
It may be possible to use an instance of RtWvOut and an instance of RtWvIn to simultaneously read and write realtime audio to and from a hardware device or devices. However, it is recommended to instead use a single instance of RtDuplex to achieve this behavior, in that it guarantees better synchronization between the input and output data. See the <TT>effects</TT> project or the <TT>io.cpp</TT> example program in the <TT>examples</TT> project for more information.
It may be possible to use an instance of RtWvOut and an instance of
RtWvIn to simultaneously read and write realtime audio to and from a
hardware device or devices. However, it is recommended to instead use
a single instance of RtAudio to achieve this behavior, as described in the next section.
See the <TT>effects</TT> project or the <TT>duplex.cpp</TT> example
program in the <TT>examples</TT> project for more information.
When using any realtime STK class (RtAudio, RtWvOut, RtWvIn, RtDuplex, RtMidi, InetWvIn, InetWvOut, Socket, UdpSocket, TcpServer, TcpClient, and Thread), it is necessary to specify an audio/MIDI API preprocessor definition and link with the appropriate libraries or frameworks. For example, the above program could be compiled on a Linux system using the GNU g++ compiler and the ALSA audio API as follows (assuming all necessary files exist in the project directory):

7
doc/doxygen/system.txt
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@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@
<B>Linux (specific):</B>
<UL>
<LI>A soundcard to use realtime audio input/output capabilities. In order to use the <I><B>effects</B></I> project, the soundcard and drivers must support full duplex mode.</LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org/">ALSA</A> device drivers and library for realtime sound and MIDI input/output. <A HREF="http://www.opensound.com">OSS</A> device drivers can be used for audio input/output, but MIDI support requires the ALSA library to compile.</LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org/">ALSA</A> device drivers and library for realtime sound and MIDI input/output.</LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.opensound.com">OSS</A> device drivers (version 4.0 and higher only) can be used for audio input/output, but MIDI support requires the ALSA library to compile.</LI>
</UL>
<B>Macintosh OS X (specific):</B>
<UL>
<LI>A C++ compiler does install by default with OS X. It is necessary to download the Developer Kit from the Apple WWW site in order to compile STK or load it from the installation CD-ROM.</LI>
<LI><B>IMPORTANT:</B>The internal Macintosh audio hardware typically supports a sample rate of 44100 Hz only. The default STK sample rate is now 44100 Hz, but there may be programs which change that value before execution. Check the program code if you have sample rate conflicts. Many of the example project programs allow the sample rate to be specified via the command line.</LI>
<LI><B>IMPORTANT:</B>The internal Macintosh audio hardware typically supports a sample rate of 44100 Hz only. The default STK sample rate is now 44100 Hz, but there may be programs that change that value before execution. Check the program code if you have sample rate conflicts. Many of the example project programs allow the sample rate to be specified via the command line.</LI>
<LI>If you experience frequent audio input/output "glitches", try increasing the RT_BUFFER_SIZE specified in Stk.h.</LI>
<LI>The tcl/tk interpreter does not ship by default with OS X, but must be downloaded from the internet. The latest Tcl/Tk Aqua distribution (http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/unix_open_source/tcltk.html) has been successfully tested on 10.2 and 10.3 systems. The default installation will place a link to the wish interpretor at /usr/bin/wish.
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ It appears that socket support in Tcl/Tk uses the Nagle algorithm, which produce
<UL>
<LI>A soundcard to use realtime audio input/output capabilities. In order to use the <I><B>effects</B></I> project, the soundcard and drivers must support full duplex mode.</LI>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/directx/">DirectX</A> 5.0 (or higher) runtime libraries to use the precompiled binaries.</LI>
<LI>Visual C++ 6.0 for compiling (though a precompiled distribution is available).</LI>
<LI>Visual C++ .NET for compiling (though a precompiled distribution is available).</LI>
<LI>For compiling the source (if not already in your system): <UL><LI><A HREF="Misc/dsound.h">dsound.h</A> header file (DirectX 6.1) - put somewhere in your header search path</LI><LI><A HREF="Misc/dsound.lib">dsound.lib</A> library file (DirectX 6.1) - put somewhere in your library search path</LI></UL></LI>
</UL>

23
doc/doxygen/usage.txt
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@@ -31,19 +31,19 @@ The top level distribution contains the following directories:
This release of STK comes with four separate "project" directories:
<OL>
<LI> The <I><B>demo</B></I> project is used to demonstrate nearly all of the STK instruments. The <I><B>demo</B></I> program has been written to allow a variety of control input and sound data output options. %Simple graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are also provided.<P></LI>
<LI> The <I><B>demo</B></I> project is used to demonstrate nearly all of the STK instruments. The <I><B>demo</B></I> program has been written to allow a variety of control input and sound data output options. Simple graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are also provided.<P></LI>
<LI> The <I><B>effects</B></I> project demonstrates realtime duplex mode (simultaneous audio input and output) operation, when available, as well as various delay-line based effects algorithms.<P></LI>
<LI> The <I><B>ragamatic</B></I> project is just cool. Fire it up and be enlightened.<P></LI>
<LI> The <I><B>examples</B></I> project contains several simple programs which demonstrate audio input/output, including the audio internet streaming classes, as well as most of the tutorial programs.</LI>
<LI> The <I><B>examples</B></I> project contains several simple programs that demonstrate audio input/output, including the audio internet streaming classes, as well as most of the tutorial programs.</LI>
</OL>
\section compiling Compiling:
<UL>
<LI><B>Windows95/98/2000/XP:</B> Realtime support is available using either DirectSound or ASIO audio drivers. For DirectSound support, use the <TT>__WINDOWS_DS__</TT> preprocessor definition and link with the <TT>dsound.lib</TT>, <TT>winmm.lib</TT>, and <TT>Wsock32.lib</TT> libraries. For ASIO support, use the <TT>__WINDOWS_ASIO__</TT> preprocessor definition, include all the files in the <TT>src/asio/</TT> directory (i.e. <TT>asio.h,cpp</TT>, <TT>asiodrivers.h,cpp</TT>, ...), and link with the <TT>winmm.lib</TT>, and <TT>Wsock32.lib</TT> libraries. In addition, the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> and <TT>__WINDOWS_MM__</TT> preprocessor definitions are necessary for all Windows systems (RtMidi uses the Windows MultiMedia MIDI API). A distribution of the release is available with precompiled binaries (using DirectSound) for all the projects. In order for these binaries to function properly, your system must have the DirectX 5.0 (or higher) runtime libraries installed (available from <A HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/directx/">Microsoft</A>). Further, the <I><B>effects</B></I> project requires that your soundcard and drivers provide full duplex mode capabilities. Visual C++ 6.0 project files are provided in each project directory as well should you wish to compile your own binaries. It is important to link with the non-debug libraries when compiling "release" program versions and debug libraries when compiling "debug" program versions.</LI>
<LI><B>Windows95/98/2000/XP:</B> Realtime support is available using either DirectSound or ASIO audio drivers. For DirectSound support, use the <TT>__WINDOWS_DS__</TT> preprocessor definition and link with the <TT>dsound.lib</TT>, <TT>winmm.lib</TT>, and <TT>Wsock32.lib</TT> libraries. For ASIO support, use the <TT>__WINDOWS_ASIO__</TT> preprocessor definition, include all the files in the <TT>src/asio/</TT> directory (i.e. <TT>asio.h,cpp</TT>, <TT>asiodrivers.h,cpp</TT>, ...), and link with the <TT>winmm.lib</TT>, and <TT>Wsock32.lib</TT> libraries. In addition, the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> and <TT>__WINDOWS_MM__</TT> preprocessor definitions are necessary for all Windows systems (RtMidi uses the Windows MultiMedia MIDI API). A distribution of the release is available with precompiled binaries (using DirectSound) for all the projects. In order for these binaries to function properly, your system must have the DirectX 5.0 (or higher) runtime libraries installed (available from <A HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/directx/">Microsoft</A>). Further, the <I><B>effects</B></I> project requires that your soundcard and drivers provide full duplex mode capabilities. Visual C++ .NET project files are provided in each project directory as well should you wish to compile your own binaries. It is important to link with the non-debug libraries when compiling "release" program versions and debug libraries when compiling "debug" program versions.</LI>
<LI><B>WindowsNT:</B> DirectX support for NT is inadequate, so it is not possible to use STK under WindowsNT with realtime DirectX support. It may be possible to use STK under WindowsNT with realtime ASIO support, though this has not been tested.</LI>
@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ Several options can be supplied to the <TT>configure</TT> script to customize th
<LI><TT>--disable-realtime</TT> to only compile generic non-realtime classes</LI>
<LI><TT>--enable-debug</TT> to enable various debug output</LI>
<LI><TT>--with-alsa</TT> to choose native ALSA API support (default, linux only)</LI>
<LI><TT>--with-jack</TT> to choose native JACK API support (linux only)</LI>
<LI><TT>--with-oss</TT> to choose native OSS audio API support (linux only, no native OSS MIDI support)</LI>
<LI><TT>--with-jack</TT> to choose native JACK API support (linux and Macintosh OS-X)</LI>
<LI><TT>--with-core</TT> to choose Core Audio API support (Macintosh OS-X)</LI>
</UL>
<P>
Note that it is possible to specify as many of the "--with-" options as desired to compile multi-API support. In addition, it is possible to specify the location of the STK rawwaves and the STK include path as follows:
@@ -69,11 +70,9 @@ For novice STK users, the default configuration should be adequate.
For those who wish to create their own system-specific <TT>Makefiles</TT>:
<UL>
<LI><B>Linux:</B> Realtime audio support is enabled with either the <TT>__LINUX_ALSA__</TT>, <TT>__LINUX_JACK__</TT>, and/or <TT>__LINUX_OSS__</TT> preprocessor definitions, which are used to select the underlying audio system API(s). Because the ALSA library is now integrated into the standard Linux kernel, it is the default audio/MIDI API with STK versions 4.2 and higher. The <TT>__LINUX_ALSASEQ__</TT> preprocessor definition must be included for MIDI support. Note that native OSS MIDI support no longer exists in RtMidi. If the <TT>__LINUX_OSS__</TT> preprocessor definition is specified, only OSS audio support will be compiled and RtMidi will still be compiled using the ALSA API (assuming the <TT>__LINUX_ALSASEQ__</TT> definition is defined). For this reason, STK now requires the <TT>asound</TT> library for realtime support. Realtime programs must also link with the <TT>pthread</TT> library. In addition, the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> preprocessor definition is necessary if compiling on a little-endian system. See the README-Linux file for further system configuration information.</LI>
<LI><B>Linux:</B> Realtime audio support is enabled with either the <TT>__LINUX_ALSA__</TT>, <TT>__UNIX_JACK__</TT>, and/or <TT>__LINUX_OSS__</TT> preprocessor definitions, which are used to select the underlying audio system API(s). Because the ALSA library is now integrated into the standard Linux kernel, it is the default audio/MIDI API with STK versions 4.2 and higher. The <TT>__LINUX_ALSASEQ__</TT> preprocessor definition must be included for MIDI support. Note that native OSS MIDI support no longer exists in RtMidi. If the <TT>__LINUX_OSS__</TT> preprocessor definition is specified, only OSS (version 4.0) audio support will be compiled and RtMidi will still be compiled using the ALSA API (assuming the <TT>__LINUX_ALSASEQ__</TT> definition is defined). For this reason, STK now requires the <TT>asound</TT> library for realtime support. Realtime programs must also link with the <TT>pthread</TT> library. In addition, the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> preprocessor definition is necessary if compiling on a little-endian system. See the README-Linux file for further system configuration information.</LI>
<LI><B>Macintosh OS X:</B> Realtime support is enabled with the <TT>__MACOSX_CORE__</TT> preprocessor definitions, which incorporates the CoreAudio audio/MIDI API. Realtime programs must also link with the <TT>pthread</TT> library and the <TT>CoreAudio</TT>, <TT>CoreMIDI</TT>, and <TT>CoreFoundation</TT> frameworks. See the README-MacOSX file for further system configuration information.</LI>
<LI><B>SGI:</B> Realtime audio and MIDI support is enabled with the <TT>__IRIX_AL__</TT> and <TT>__IRIX_MD__</TT> preprocessor definitions and linkage with the <TT>audio</TT>, <TT>md</TT>, and <TT>pthread</TT> libraries. STK 4.0 (and higher) is confirmed to compile using CC version 7.30. There may be problems with old compiler versions.</LI>
<LI><B>Macintosh OS X:</B> Realtime support is enabled with the <TT>__MACOSX_CORE__</TT> and <TT>__UNIX_JACK__</TT> preprocessor definitions, which incorporate the CoreAudio audio/MIDI API and/or the JACK API. Realtime programs must also link with the <TT>pthread</TT> library and the <TT>CoreAudio</TT>, <TT>CoreMIDI</TT>, and <TT>CoreFoundation</TT> frameworks (for Core Audio support) and/or the JACK library. See the README-MacOSX file for further system configuration information.</LI>
<LI><B>Generic (non-realtime):</B> Most STK classes are operating system <I>independent</I> and can be compiled using any current C++ compiler. STK assumes big-endian host byte order by default, so if your system is little-endian (i.e. Intel processor), you must provide the <TT>__LITTLE_ENDIAN__</TT> preprocessor definition to your compiler. The <I><B>demo</B></I> project will compile without realtime support, allowing the use of SKINI scorefiles for input control and output to a variety of soundfile formats. The following classes <I>cannot</I> be used without realtime support: RtAudio, RtWvIn, RtWvOut, RtDuplex, RtMidi, Socket, Thread, Mutex, TcpWvIn, TcpWvOut. Because of this, it is not possible to compile the <I><B>effects</B></I>, <I><B>ragamatic</B></I>, and most of the <I><B>examples</B></I> projects for non-realtime use.</LI>
</UL>
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ All STK programs in this distribution take input control data in the form of <A
<LI>Acquire realtime MIDI messages from a MIDI port on your computer.</LI>
</OL>
<A HREF="http://dev.scriptics.com">Tcl/Tk</A> graphical user interfaces (GUI) are provided with this distribution which can generate realtime SKINI messages. Note that the Messager class allows multiple simultaneous socket client connections, together with MIDI and/or piped input. The <I><B>Md2Skini</B></I> program (in the <I><B>demo</B></I> directory) is mostly obsolete but can be used to create SKINI scorefiles from realtime MIDI input.
<A HREF="http://dev.scriptics.com">Tcl/Tk</A> graphical user interfaces (GUI) are provided with this distribution that can generate realtime SKINI messages. Note that the Messager class allows multiple simultaneous socket client connections, together with MIDI and/or piped input. The <I><B>Md2Skini</B></I> program (in the <I><B>demo</B></I> directory) is mostly obsolete but can be used to create SKINI scorefiles from realtime MIDI input.
\section voices Demo: STK Instruments
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ The <I><B>demo</B></I> project demonstrates the behavior of all the distributed
<UL>
<LI>Clarinet: Pretty good physical model of the clarinet</LI>
<LI>BlowHole: A clarinet physical model with one tonehole and one register vent</LI>
<LI>Saxofony: A psuedo-conical bore reed instrument which sometimes sounds like a saxophone</LI>
<LI>Saxofony: A psuedo-conical bore reed instrument that sometimes sounds like a saxophone</LI>
<LI>Flute: Pretty good physical model of the flute</LI>
<LI>Brass: Not so bad physical model of a brass instrument</LI>
<LI>BlowBotl: A basic helmholtz resonator and air jet model</LI>
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@ from the <I><B>demo</B></I> directory will play the scorefile <I>bookert.ski</I>
\section rt Demo: Realtime Use
STK realtime audio and MIDI input/output and realtime SKINI control input via socketing support is provided for Linux, SGI, Mac OS X, and Windows95/98/2000/XP operating systems. STK realtime SKINI control input via piping is possible under Linux, SGI, Mac OS X, and Windows2000/XP only.
STK realtime audio and MIDI input/output and realtime SKINI control input via socketing support is provided for Linux, Mac OS-X, and Windows95/98/2000/XP operating systems. STK realtime SKINI control input via piping is possible under Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows2000/XP only.
<P>
Control input and audio output options are typically specified as command-line arguments to STK programs. For example, the <I><B>demo</B></I> program is invoked as:
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ On all supported realtime platforms, you can direct realtime MIDI input to the S
demo Clarinet -or -im
\endcode
This will attempt to use the default MIDI port for input. An optional MIDI port number can be specified after the <TT>-im</TT> flag. Valid MIDI ports are numbered from 0 (default) and higher. On Linux and Macintosh OS-X systems, it is possible to open a virtual MIDI input port (which other software applications can connect to) by specifying a port identifier of -1.
This will attempt to use the default MIDI port for input. An optional MIDI port number can be specified after the <TT>-im</TT> flag. Valid MIDI ports are numbered from 0 (default) and higher. On Linux and Macintosh OS-X systems, it is possible to open a virtual MIDI input port (that other software applications can connect to) by specifying a port identifier of -1.
\section polyphony Polyphony:

2
doc/hierarchy.txt
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
STK: A ToolKit of Audio Synthesis Classes and Instruments in C++
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2005.
By Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995-2007.
STK Classes - See the HTML documentation in the html directory for complete information.

3
include/ADSR.h
View File

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
envelope value reaches 0.0 in the
ADSR::RELEASE state.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ class ADSR : public Envelope
protected:
StkFloat computeSample( void );
void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
StkFloat attackRate_;
StkFloat decayRate_;

3
include/Asymp.h
View File

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
to \e keyOn and \e keyOff messages by ramping to
1.0 on keyOn and to 0.0 on keyOff.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ class Asymp : public Envelope
protected:
StkFloat computeSample( void );
void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
StkFloat factor_;
StkFloat constant_;

2
include/BeeThree.h
View File

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

29
include/BiQuad.h
View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
frequency response while maintaining a constant
filter gain.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ public:
//! Class destructor.
virtual ~BiQuad();
//! A function to enable/disable the automatic updating of class data when the STK sample rate changes.
void ignoreSampleRateChange( bool ignore = true ) { ignoreSampleRateChange_ = ignore; };
//! Clears all internal states of the filter.
void clear(void);
@@ -107,6 +110,30 @@ public:
// This function must be implemented in all subclasses. It is used
// to get around a C++ problem with overloaded virtual functions.
virtual StkFloat computeSample( StkFloat input );
virtual void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
};
inline StkFloat BiQuad :: computeSample( StkFloat input )
{
inputs_[0] = gain_ * input;
outputs_[0] = b_[0] * inputs_[0] + b_[1] * inputs_[1] + b_[2] * inputs_[2];
outputs_[0] -= a_[2] * outputs_[2] + a_[1] * outputs_[1];
inputs_[2] = inputs_[1];
inputs_[1] = inputs_[0];
outputs_[2] = outputs_[1];
outputs_[1] = outputs_[0];
return outputs_[0];
}
inline StkFloat BiQuad :: tick( StkFloat input )
{
return this->computeSample( input );
}
inline StkFrames& BiQuad :: tick( StkFrames& frames, unsigned int channel )
{
return Filter::tick( frames, channel );
}
#endif

16
include/BlitSquare.h
View File

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
The algorithm implemented in this class uses a SincM function with
an even M value to achieve a bipolar bandlimited impulse train.
This signal is then integrated to achieve a square waveform. The
integration process has an associated DC offset but that is
subtracted off the output signal.
integration process has an associated DC offset so a DC blocking
filter is applied at the output.
The user can specify both the fundamental frequency of the
waveform and the number of harmonics contained in the resulting
@@ -19,10 +19,14 @@
to half the sample rate. Note, however, that this setting may
produce aliasing in the signal when the frequency is changing (no
automatic modification of the number of harmonics is performed by
the setFrequency() function).
the setFrequency() function). Also note that the harmonics of a
square wave fall at odd integer multiples of the fundamental, so
aliasing will happen with a lower fundamental than with the other
Blit waveforms. This class is not guaranteed to be well behaved
in the presence of significant aliasing.
Based on initial code of Robin Davies, 2005.
Modified algorithm code by Gary Scavone, 2005.
Modified algorithm code by Gary Scavone, 2005 - 2006.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -83,7 +87,9 @@ class BlitSquare: public Generator
StkFloat rate_;
StkFloat phase_;
StkFloat p_;
StkFloat offset_;
StkFloat a_;
StkFloat lastBlitOutput_;
StkFloat dcbState_;
};
#endif

2
include/BlowBotl.h
View File

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Volume = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/BlowHole.h
View File

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
- Register State = 1
- Breath Pressure = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/BowTable.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This class implements a simple bowed string
non-linear function, as described by Smith (1986).
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Bowed.h
View File

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Volume = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Brass.h
View File

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Volume = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Chorus.h
View File

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
This class implements a chorus effect.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Clarinet.h
View File

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Breath Pressure = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Delay.h
View File

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
used in fixed delay-length applications, such
as for reverberation.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/DelayA.h
View File

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
minimum delay possible in this implementation is limited to a
value of 0.5.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/DelayL.h
View File

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
order Lagrange interpolators can typically
improve (minimize) this attenuation characteristic.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Drummer.h
View File

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
of simultaneous voices) via a #define in the
Drummer.h.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Echo.h
View File

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
This class implements an echo effect.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Effect.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This class provides common functionality for
STK effects subclasses.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

3
include/Envelope.h
View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
\e keyOff messages, ramping to 1.0 on
keyOn and to 0.0 on keyOff.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ class Envelope : public Generator
protected:
virtual StkFloat computeSample( void );
virtual void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
StkFloat value_;
StkFloat target_;

2
include/FM.h
View File

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/FMVoices.h
View File

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/FileRead.h
View File

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
filling a matrix row. The sample rate for
MAT-files is assumed to be 44100 Hz.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/FileWrite.h
View File

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
type, the data type will automatically be modified. Compressed
data types are not supported.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

3
include/FileWvIn.h
View File

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
See the FileRead class for a description of the supported audio
file formats.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ public:
protected:
virtual void computeFrame( void );
virtual void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
FileRead file_;
bool finished_;

2
include/FileWvOut.h
View File

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
Currently, FileWvOut is non-interpolating and the output rate is
always Stk::sampleRate().
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Filter.h
View File

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
results in one extra multiply per computed sample,
but allows easy control of the overall filter gain.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Flute.h
View File

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Breath Pressure = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/FormSwep.h
View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
It provides methods for controlling the sweep
rate and target frequency.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Function.h
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
implement tables or other types of input to output function
mappings.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Generator.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This class provides common functionality for
STK unit generator sample-source subclasses.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

8
include/Granulate.h
View File

@@ -76,9 +76,11 @@ class Granulate: public Generator
trapezoidal window. In addition, each grain can have a time delay
of length \e delay and a grain pointer increment of length \e
offset, which can be negative, before the next ramp onset (in
milliseconds). The actual values calculated for each grain will
be randomized by a factor set using the setRandomFactor()
function.
milliseconds). The \e offset parameter controls grain pointer
jumps between enveloped grain segments, while the \e delay
parameter causes grain calculations to pause between grains. The
actual values calculated for each grain will be randomized by a
factor set using the setRandomFactor() function.
*/
void setGrainParameters( unsigned int duration = 30, unsigned int rampPercent = 50,
int offset = 0, unsigned int delay = 0 );

2
include/HevyMetl.h
View File

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/InetWvIn.h
View File

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
data type for the incoming stream is signed 16-bit integers,
though any of the defined StkFormats are permissible.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/InetWvOut.h
View File

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
data type is signed 16-bit integers but any of the defined
StkFormats are permissible.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Instrmnt.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This class provides a common interface for
all STK instruments.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/JCRev.h
View File

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
filters, and two decorrelation delay lines in
parallel at the output.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/JetTable.h
View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
Consult Fletcher and Rossing, Karjalainen,
Cook, and others for more information.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Mandolin.h
View File

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
- String Detuning = 1
- Microphone Position = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Messager.h
View File

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
This class is primarily for use in STK example programs but it is
generic enough to work in many other contexts.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Modal.h
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
(non-sweeping BiQuad filters), where N is set
during instantiation.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/ModalBar.h
View File

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
- Two Fixed = 7
- Clump = 8
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Modulate.h
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
modulations to give a nice, natural human
modulation function.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Moog.h
View File

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Gain = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Mutex.h
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
systems, the pthread library is used. Under
Windows, critical sections are used.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/NRev.h
View File

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
filters in parallel with corresponding right
and left outputs.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Noise.h
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
C rand() function. The quality of the rand()
function varies from one OS to another.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/OnePole.h
View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
the real axis of the z-plane while maintaining
a constant peak filter gain.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/OneZero.h
View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
along the real axis of the z-plane while
maintaining a constant filter gain.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/PRCRev.h
View File

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
two series allpass units and two parallel comb
filters.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/PercFlut.h
View File

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Phonemes.h
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
set of 32 static phoneme formant parameters
and provide access to those values.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/PitShift.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This class implements a simple pitch shifter
using delay lines.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/PluckTwo.h
View File

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
use possibly subject to patents held by
Stanford University, Yamaha, and others.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Plucked.h
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
Stanford, bearing the names of Karplus and/or
Strong.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/PoleZero.h
View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
filter with a given coefficient. Another
method is provided to create a DC blocking filter.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/ReedTable.h
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
Smith (1986), Hirschman, Cook, Scavone, and
others for more information.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Resonate.h
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
- Zero Radii = 1
- Envelope Gain = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Rhodey.h
View File

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
type who should worry about this (making
money) worry away.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

1302
include/RtAudio.h
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File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

124
include/RtDuplex.h
View File

@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
/***************************************************/
/*! \class RtDuplex
\brief STK realtime audio (blocking) input/output class.
This class provides a simplified interface to
RtAudio for realtime audio input/output. It
may also be possible to achieve duplex
operation using separate RtWvIn and RtWvOut
classes, but this class ensures better
input/output synchronization.
Because this class makes use of RtAudio's
blocking input/output routines, its
performance is less robust on systems where
the audio API is callback-based (Macintosh
CoreAudio and Windows ASIO).
RtDuplex supports multi-channel data in
interleaved format. It is important to
distinguish the tick() methods, which output
single samples to all channels in a sample
frame and return samples produced by averaging
across sample frames, from the tickFrame()
methods, which take/return pointers to
multi-channel sample frames.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
*/
/***************************************************/
#ifndef STK_RTDUPLEX_H
#define STK_RTDUPLEX_H
#include "Stk.h"
#include "RtAudio.h"
class RtDuplex : public Stk
{
public:
//! Default constructor.
/*!
The \e device argument is passed to RtAudio during
instantiation. The default value (zero) will select the default
device on your system or the first device found meeting the
specified parameters. On systems with multiple
soundcards/devices, values greater than zero can be specified in
accordance with the order that the devices are enumerated by the
underlying audio API. The default buffer size of RT_BUFFER_SIZE
is defined in Stk.h. An StkError will be thrown if an error
occurs duing instantiation.
*/
RtDuplex(int nChannels = 1, StkFloat sampleRate = Stk::sampleRate(), int device = 0, int bufferFrames = RT_BUFFER_SIZE, int nBuffers = 2);
//! Class destructor.
~RtDuplex();
//! Start the audio input/output stream.
/*!
The stream is started automatically, if necessary, when a tick() or tickFrame method is called.
*/
void start(void);
//! Stop the audio input/output stream.
/*!
It may be necessary to use this method to avoid audio overflow/underflow problems if you wish to temporarily stop the audio stream.
*/
void stop(void);
//! Return the average across the last output sample frame.
StkFloat lastOut(void) const;
//! Output a single sample to all channels in a sample frame and return the average across one new input sample frame of data.
/*!
An StkError will be thrown if an error occurs during input/output.
*/
StkFloat tick(const StkFloat sample);
//! Output each sample in \e vector to all channels per frame and return averaged input sample frames of new data in \e vector.
/*!
An StkError will be thrown if an error occurs during input/output.
*/
StkFloat *tick(StkFloat *vector, unsigned int vectorSize);
//! Output a channel of the StkFrames object to all channels and replace with averaged sample frames of input.
/*!
The \c channel argument should be one or greater (the first
channel is specified by 1). An StkError will be thrown if an
error occurs during input/outpu or the \c channel argument is zero
or it is greater than the number of channels in the StkFrames
object.
*/
StkFrames& tick( StkFrames& frames, unsigned int channel = 1 );
//! Return a pointer to the last output sample frame.
const StkFloat *lastFrame(void) const;
//! Output sample \e frames from \e frameVector and return new input frames in \e frameVector.
/*!
An StkError will be thrown if an error occurs during input/output.
*/
StkFloat *tickFrame(StkFloat *frameVector, unsigned int frames = 1);
//! Output the StkFrames data and replace with new input frames.
/*!
An StkError will be thrown if an error occurs during
input/output or if there is an incompatability between the number
of channels in the RtDuplex object and that in the StkFrames
object.
*/
StkFrames& tickFrame( StkFrames& frames );
protected:
RtAudio *audio_;
StkFloat *data_;
StkFloat *lastOutput_;
int bufferSize_;
bool stopped_;
long counter_;
unsigned int channels_;
};
#endif

32
include/RtError.h
View File

@@ -12,12 +12,13 @@
#ifndef RTERROR_H
#define RTERROR_H
#include <exception>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class RtError
class RtError : public std::exception
{
public:
public:
//! Defined RtError types.
enum Type {
WARNING, /*!< A non-critical error. */
@@ -25,36 +26,35 @@ public:
UNSPECIFIED, /*!< The default, unspecified error type. */
NO_DEVICES_FOUND, /*!< No devices found on system. */
INVALID_DEVICE, /*!< An invalid device ID was specified. */
INVALID_STREAM, /*!< An invalid stream ID was specified. */
MEMORY_ERROR, /*!< An error occured during memory allocation. */
INVALID_PARAMETER, /*!< An invalid parameter was specified to a function. */
INVALID_USE, /*!< The function was called incorrectly. */
DRIVER_ERROR, /*!< A system driver error occured. */
SYSTEM_ERROR, /*!< A system error occured. */
THREAD_ERROR /*!< A thread error occured. */
};
protected:
std::string message_;
Type type_;
public:
//! The constructor.
RtError(const std::string& message, Type type = RtError::UNSPECIFIED) : message_(message), type_(type) {}
RtError( const std::string& message, Type type = RtError::UNSPECIFIED ) throw() : message_(message), type_(type) {}
//! The destructor.
virtual ~RtError(void) {};
virtual ~RtError( void ) throw() {}
//! Prints thrown error message to stderr.
virtual void printMessage(void) { std::cerr << '\n' << message_ << "\n\n"; }
virtual void printMessage( void ) throw() { std::cerr << '\n' << message_ << "\n\n"; }
//! Returns the thrown error message type.
virtual const Type& getType(void) { return type_; }
virtual const Type& getType(void) throw() { return type_; }
//! Returns the thrown error message string.
virtual const std::string& getMessage(void) { return message_; }
virtual const std::string& getMessage(void) throw() { return message_; }
//! Returns the thrown error message as a C string.
virtual const char *getMessageString(void) { return message_.c_str(); }
//! Returns the thrown error message as a c-style string.
virtual const char* what( void ) const throw() { return message_.c_str(); }
protected:
std::string message_;
Type type_;
};
#endif

10
include/RtMidi.h
View File

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
*/
/**********************************************************************/
// RtMidi: Version 1.0.4, 14 October 2005
// RtMidi: Version 1.0.5, in development
#ifndef RTMIDI_H
#define RTMIDI_H
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class RtMidi
virtual void openPort( unsigned int portNumber = 0 ) = 0;
//! Pure virtual openVirtualPort() function.
virtual void openVirtualPort() = 0;
virtual void openVirtualPort( const std::string portName = std::string( "RtMidi" ) ) = 0;
//! Pure virtual getPortCount() function.
virtual unsigned int getPortCount() = 0;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class RtMidiIn : public RtMidi
is currently only supported by the Macintosh OS-X and Linux ALSA
APIs (the function does nothing for the other APIs).
*/
void openVirtualPort();
void openVirtualPort( const std::string portName = std::string( "RtMidi Input" ) );
//! Set a callback function to be invoked for incoming MIDI messages.
/*!
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ class RtMidiOut : public RtMidi
exception is thrown if an error occurs while attempting to create
the virtual port.
*/
void openVirtualPort();
void openVirtualPort( const std::string portName = std::string( "RtMidi Output" ) );
//! Return the number of available MIDI output ports.
unsigned int getPortCount();
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ class RtMidiOut : public RtMidi
/*!
An exception is thrown if an invalid port specifier is provided.
*/
std::string getPortName( unsigned int portNumber );
std::string getPortName( unsigned int portNumber = 0 );
//! Immediately send a single message out an open MIDI output port.
/*!

35
include/RtWvIn.h
View File

@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
\brief STK realtime audio (blocking) input class.
This class provides a simplified interface to RtAudio for realtime
audio input. It is a subclass of WvIn. Because this class makes
use of RtAudio's blocking output routines, its performance is less
robust on systems where the audio API is callback-based (Macintosh
CoreAudio and Windows ASIO).
audio input. It is a subclass of WvIn. This class makes use of
RtAudio's callback functionality by creating a large ring-buffer
from which data is read. This class should not be used when
low-latency is desired.
RtWvIn supports multi-channel data in interleaved format. It is
important to distinguish the tick() methods, which return samples
produced by averaging across sample frames, from the tickFrame()
methods, which return references or pointers to multi-channel
sample frames.
RtWvIn supports multi-channel data in both interleaved and
non-interleaved formats. It is important to distinguish the
tick() methods, which return samples produced by averaging across
sample frames, from the tickFrame() methods, which return
references or pointers to multi-channel sample frames.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@ public:
is defined in Stk.h. An StkError will be thrown if an error
occurs duing instantiation.
*/
RtWvIn( unsigned int nChannels = 1, StkFloat sampleRate = Stk::sampleRate(),
int device = 0, int bufferFrames = RT_BUFFER_SIZE, int nBuffers = 4 );
RtWvIn( unsigned int nChannels = 1, StkFloat sampleRate = Stk::sampleRate(), int device = 0, int bufferFrames = RT_BUFFER_SIZE, int nBuffers = 20 );
//! Class destructor.
~RtWvIn();
@@ -59,15 +58,19 @@ public:
*/
void stop( void );
// This function is not intended for general use but had to be made
// public for access from the audio callback function.
void fillBuffer( void *buffer, unsigned int nFrames );
protected:
void computeFrame( void );
RtAudio *adc_;
StkFloat *buffer_;
RtAudio adc_;
bool stopped_;
unsigned int bufferFrames_;
unsigned int bufferIndex_;
unsigned int readIndex_;
unsigned int writeIndex_;
unsigned int framesFilled_;
};

37
include/RtWvOut.h
View File

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
\brief STK realtime audio (blocking) output class.
This class provides a simplified interface to RtAudio for realtime
audio output. It is a subclass of WvOut. Because this class
makes use of RtAudio's blocking output routines, its performance
is less robust on systems where the audio API is callback-based
(Macintosh CoreAudio and Windows ASIO).
audio output. It is a subclass of WvOut. This class makes use of
RtAudio's callback functionality by creating a large ring-buffer
into which data is written. This class should not be used when
low-latency is desired.
RtWvOut supports multi-channel data in interleaved format. It is
important to distinguish the tick() methods, which output single
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
method, which take a pointer or reference to multi-channel sample
frame data.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ class RtWvOut : public WvOut
/*!
The \e device argument is passed to RtAudio during
instantiation. The default value (zero) will select the default
device on your system or the first device found meeting the
specified parameters. On systems with multiple
device on your system. On systems with multiple
soundcards/devices, values greater than zero can be specified in
accordance with the order that the devices are enumerated by the
underlying audio API. The default buffer size of RT_BUFFER_SIZE
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ class RtWvOut : public WvOut
occurs duing instantiation.
*/
RtWvOut( unsigned int nChannels = 1, StkFloat sampleRate = Stk::sampleRate(),
int device = 0, int bufferFrames = RT_BUFFER_SIZE, int nBuffers = 4 );
int device = 0, int bufferFrames = RT_BUFFER_SIZE, int nBuffers = 20 );
//! Class destructor.
~RtWvOut();
@@ -51,30 +50,30 @@ class RtWvOut : public WvOut
The stream is started automatically, if necessary, when a
tick() or tickFrame method is called.
*/
void start(void);
void start( void );
//! Stop the audio output stream.
/*!
It may be necessary to use this method to avoid undesireable
audio buffer cycling if you wish to temporarily stop audio output.
*/
void stop(void);
void stop( void );
// This function is not intended for general use but had to be made
// public for access from the audio callback function.
int readBuffer( void *buffer, unsigned int frameCount );
protected:
void computeSample( const StkFloat sample );
void computeFrames( const StkFrames& frames );
void incrementFrame( void );
RtAudio *dac_;
StkFloat *buffer_;
RtAudio dac_;
bool stopped_;
unsigned int nChannels_;
unsigned int bufferIndex_;
unsigned int iBuffer_;
unsigned int bufferFrames_;
unsigned int readIndex_;
unsigned int writeIndex_;
long framesFilled_;
unsigned int status_; // running = 0, emptying buffer = 1, finished = 2
};

2
include/Sampler.h
View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
This instrument provides an ADSR envelope, a one-pole filter, and
structures for an arbitrary number of attack and loop waves.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Saxofony.h
View File

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
- Vibrato Gain = 1
- Breath Pressure = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Simple.h
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
- Envelope Rate = 11
- Gain = 128
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

3
include/SineWave.h
View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
The "table" length, set in SineWave.h, is 2048 samples by default.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ public:
protected:
StkFloat computeSample( void );
void sampleRateChanged( StkFloat newRate, StkFloat oldRate );
static StkFrames table_;
StkFloat time_;

2
include/SingWave.h
View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
from pitch shifting. It will be used as an
excitation source for other instruments.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Sitar.h
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
Stanford, bearing the names of Karplus and/or
Strong.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Skini.h
View File

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
\sa \ref skini
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

2
include/Socket.h
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
number of static functions for use with external socket
descriptors.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2005.
by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone, 1995 - 2007.
*/
/***************************************************/

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